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This paper examines the interplay between Feminity, sexuality and culture within the
Shona culture in Zimbabwe. The three variables are interwoven intricately to the extent
that any efforts to separate them are fruitless. In the Shona culture, patriarchal practices
shape and perpetuate gender inequality and strip women of any form of control over their
sexuality due to the fact that:
Custom in Africa is stronger than domination, stronger than the
law, stronger even than religion. Over the years, customary
practices have been incorporated into religion, and ultimately have
come to be believed by their practitioners to be demanded by their
adopted gods, whoever they may be (Lightfoot-Klein 1989:47
cited by Okome, 2003:71).
Seventeen years after Lightfoot-Klein made this important assertion, it is only appropriate
that we continue to assess how culture continues to impact negatively on feminine
sexuality despite all efforts that have been made to minimize its impact by challenging
the status quo. Radical Feminism will be used to explain the interplay between feminity,
sexuality and culture in the African society. Radical feminists argue that culture
imprisons women leading to their subordination because of the patriarchal nature of
society. Culture is a broad term that refers to the customs, institutions and achievements
of a particular nation, people or group (South African Concise Oxford Dictionary,
2002:282).
This paper will focus on one aspect of culture, namely, patriarchy. Attempts will then be
made to highlight how patriarchy is bred through the socialization process, which begins
in the family, and how it (patriarchy) infiltrates into other sectors of society like religion,
education, the economy and politics. Lastly, patriarchal practices which lead to the
control of female sexuality by males will be highlighted. The main argument in this paper
is that patriarchy leads to gender inequality and subordination of women to the extent that
females do not have control over their sexuality. |